Linux系统各发行版换国内yum或apt源,加速软件下载更新
Centos、Ubuntu、Debian、Fedora、OpenSUSE、FreeBSD系统换软件源
Linux系统安装完后软件源一般都是国外服务器,在国内特别慢,这时候就需要更换国内的镜像源。
高性价比和便宜的VPS/云服务器推荐:https://blog.zeruns.tech/archives/383.html
Centos
1、备份
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
2、更换源
下载新的CentOS-Base.repo
到/etc/yum.repos.d/
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
或者
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
注意http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
中的7
改为自己的Centos版本号,比如Centos 8就是http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-8.repo
。
3、运行yum makecache生成缓存
yum makecache
Ubuntu
1.备份
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources_init.list
将以前的源备份一下,以防以后可以用的。
2.更改文件权限使其可编辑
sudo chmod 777 /etc/apt/source.list
3.更换源
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
使用nano打开文本,删除原来文件里的内容,将下面其中一个源复制进去,然后保存。
阿里源:
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
清华源:
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
3.更新
更新源
sudo apt-get update
修复损坏的软件包,尝试卸载出错的包,重新安装正确版本的。
sudo apt-get -f install
更新软件
sudo apt-get upgrade
Debian
1.备份
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_bak
2.更换源
一般情况下,将/etc/apt/sources.list
文件中 Debian 默认的源地址http://deb.debian.org
替换为http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
(清华源)即可。
sudo sed -i 's/deb.debian.org/mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/g' /etc/apt/sources.list
也可以直接编辑/etc/apt/sources.list
文件(v)
sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list
加入如下内容即可
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian stable main contrib non-free
# deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian stable main contrib non-free
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian stable-updates main contrib non-free
# deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian stable-updates main contrib non-free
# deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian stable-proposed-updates main contrib non-free
# deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian stable-proposed-updates main contrib non-free
敲击i
键进入插入模式,组合键ctrl+shift+v
将复制内容粘贴至源文件中,敲击esc键进入命令模式,输入:wq!
保存并退出。
其他镜像源:
阿里云:http://mirrors.aliyun.com/
搜狐:http://mirrors.sohu.com/
网易:http://mirrors.163.com/
3.更新
sudo apt-get update
Fedora
su
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
mv fedora.repo fedora.repo.backup
mv fedora-updates.repo fedora-updates.repo.backup
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/fedora.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/fedora.repo
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-updates.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/fedora-updates.repo
dnf clean all
dnf makecache
OpenSUSE
1.禁用原有软件源
sudo zypper mr -da
2.添加科大镜像源
sudo zypper ar -fc https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/opensuse/distribution/leap/42.1/repo/oss USTC:42.1:OSS
sudo zypper ar -fc https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/opensuse/distribution/leap/42.1/repo/non-oss USTC:42.1:NON-OSS
sudo zypper ar -fc https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/opensuse/update/leap/42.1/oss USTC:42.1:UPDATE-OSS
sudo zypper ar -fc https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/opensuse/update/leap/42.1/non-oss USTC:42.1:UPDATE-NON-OSS
3.手动刷新软件源
sudo zypper ref
4.更新系统
sudo zypper up
FreeBSD
1.修改 pkg 源
mkdir -p /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos
vim /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos/FreeBSD.conf
# content of FreeBSD.conf
FreeBSD: {
url: "pkg+http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/freebsd-pkg/${ABI}/quarterly",
}
2.修改 ports 源
vim /etc/make.conf
# content of make.conf
FETCH_CMD=axel -n 10 -a
DISABLE_SIZE=yes
MASTER_SITE_OVERRIDE?=http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/freebsd-ports/distfiles/${DIST_SUBDIR}/
3.修改 portsnap 源
vim /etc/portsnap.conf
# content of porsnap.conf
SERVERNAME=porsnap.tw.freebsd.org
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